Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) utilizes low-voltage electrical currents to relieve pain. While generally considered safe during pregnancy for pain management, its use prior to 37 weeks gestation is generally discouraged due to limited research on its effects during this period. This cautious approach stems from the theoretical possibility that electrical stimulation could influence uterine activity.
Avoiding TENS application before the full term mark prioritizes fetal safety and minimizes potential, albeit unproven, risks. Understanding the potential effects of any intervention during pregnancy, especially on a developing fetus, remains paramount. This precautionary measure aligns with the broader medical principle of minimizing interventions during critical developmental stages unless clearly necessary and beneficial. This approach evolved alongside increased understanding of fetal development and the potential impacts of external factors.